One thing I reflect on constantly as a counsellor is what sort of environment gives a client the opportunity to grow. As a person-centred counsellor, empathy, congruence, unconditional positive regard are the 'core conditions' for someone to grow. But these core conditions are underpinned by a way of being in the room, known as the non-directive attitude, or non-directivity. So what is this non-directivity which people say is so integral to the person-centred way of being? (1

What resilience is is a question that has occurred to me for a long time. For nearly four years, I have facilitated dozens of groups in which we have explored this question. In the group format, there are lots of factors we explore to understand it- sensory and somatic (bodily) needs, values, negative thinking, self-compassion, self-esteem, coping strategies and understanding the need behind those emotions. In searching for a definition of emotional resilience, writers in Pos